求索阁

在很多情况下，你可能都需要得到微机的硬件信息。比如：你想给你的软件加锁，不让别人随便访问。

最有效的办法是获取CPU的序列号，然后让你的软件只能运行在有这样的CPU序列号的机器上。众所周知，CPU序列号是唯一的！因此，这样就可以为你的软件加锁了。

另外一个需要硬盘信息的例子是：硬盘有几个分区，每个分区各有多少剩余空间。当你正在做一个多媒体应用程序的时候，你可能也需要获得有关声卡、显卡的硬件信息。

首先，你必须知道这个应用程序的功能是使用System.Management这个类得到的。因此，你需要加上下面的这句话：

[c-sharp] view plaincopy

1. using System.Management; 

为了获取硬件信息，你还需要创建一个ManagementObjectSearcher对象。

[c-sharp] view plaincopy

1. ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from " + Key); 

上面代码的Key是一个将被对应正确的数据填入的值。例如，获取CPU的信息，就需要把Key值设成Win32_Processor。所有Key可能的值，列举如下：

[c-sharp] view plaincopy

1. Win32_1394Controller 
2. Win32_1394ControllerDevice 
3. Win32_Account 
4. Win32_AccountSID 
5. Win32_ACE 
6. Win32_ActionCheck 
7. Win32_AllocatedResource 
8. Win32_ApplicationCommandLine 
9. Win32_ApplicationService 
10. Win32_AssociatedBattery 
11. Win32_AssociatedProcessorMemory 
12. Win32_BaseBoard 
13. Win32_BaseService 
14. Win32_Battery 
15. Win32_Binary 
16. Win32_BindImageAction 
17. Win32_BIOS 
18. Win32_BootConfiguration 
19. Win32_Bus 
20. Win32_CacheMemory 
21. Win32_CDROMDrive 
22. Win32_CheckCheck 
23. Win32_CIMLogicalDeviceCIMDataFile 
24. Win32_ClassicCOMApplicationClasses 
25. Win32_ClassicCOMClass 
26. Win32_ClassicCOMClassSetting 
27. Win32_ClassicCOMClassSettings 
28. Win32_ClassInfoAction 
29. Win32_ClientApplicationSetting 
30. Win32_CodecFile 
31. Win32_COMApplication 
32. Win32_COMApplicationClasses 
33. Win32_COMApplicationSettings 
34. Win32_COMClass 
35. Win32_ComClassAutoEmulator 
36. Win32_ComClassEmulator 
37. Win32_CommandLineAccess 
38. Win32_ComponentCategory 
39. Win32_ComputerSystem 
40. Win32_ComputerSystemProcessor 
41. Win32_ComputerSystemProduct 
42. Win32_COMSetting 
43. Win32_Condition 
44. Win32_CreateFolderAction 
45. Win32_CurrentProbe 
46. Win32_DCOMApplication 
47. Win32_DCOMApplicationAccessAllowedSetting 
48. Win32_DCOMApplicationLaunchAllowedSetting 
49. Win32_DCOMApplicationSetting 
50. Win32_DependentService 
51. Win32_Desktop 
52. Win32_DesktopMonitor 
53. Win32_DeviceBus 
54. Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress 
55. Win32_DeviceSettings 
56. Win32_Directory 
57. Win32_DirectorySpecification 
58. Win32_DiskDrive 
59. Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition 
60. Win32_DiskPartition 
61. Win32_DisplayConfiguration 
62. Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration 
63. Win32_DMAChannel 
64. Win32_DriverVXD 
65. Win32_DuplicateFileAction 
66. Win32_Environment 
67. Win32_EnvironmentSpecification 
68. Win32_ExtensionInfoAction 
69. Win32_Fan 
70. Win32_FileSpecification 
71. Win32_FloppyController 
72. Win32_FloppyDrive 
73. Win32_FontInfoAction 
74. Win32_Group 
75. Win32_GroupUser 
76. Win32_HeatPipe 
77. Win32_IDEController 
78. Win32_IDEControllerDevice 
79. Win32_ImplementedCategory 
80. Win32_InfraredDevice 
81. Win32_IniFileSpecification 
82. Win32_InstalledSoftwareElement 
83. Win32_IRQResource 
84. Win32_Keyboard 
85. Win32_LaunchCondition 
86. Win32_LoadOrderGroup 
87. Win32_LoadOrderGroupServiceDependencies 
88. Win32_LoadOrderGroupServiceMembers 
89. Win32_LogicalDisk 
90. Win32_LogicalDiskRootDirectory 
91. Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition 
92. Win32_LogicalFileAccess 
93. Win32_LogicalFileAuditing 
94. Win32_LogicalFileGroup 
95. Win32_LogicalFileOwner 
96. Win32_LogicalFileSecuritySetting 
97. Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration 
98. Win32_LogicalProgramGroup 
99. Win32_LogicalProgramGroupDirectory 
100. Win32_LogicalProgramGroupItem 
101. Win32_LogicalProgramGroupItemDataFile 
102. Win32_LogicalShareAccess 
103. Win32_LogicalShareAuditing 
104. Win32_LogicalShareSecuritySetting 
105. Win32_ManagedSystemElementResource 
106. Win32_MemoryArray 
107. Win32_MemoryArrayLocation 
108. Win32_MemoryDevice 
109. Win32_MemoryDeviceArray 
110. Win32_MemoryDeviceLocation 
111. Win32_MethodParameterClass 
112. Win32_MIMEInfoAction 
113. Win32_MotherboardDevice 
114. Win32_MoveFileAction 
115. Win32_MSIResource 
116. Win32_NetworkAdapter 
117. Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration 
118. Win32_NetworkAdapterSetting 
119. Win32_NetworkClient 
120. Win32_NetworkConnection 
121. Win32_NetworkLoginProfile 
122. Win32_NetworkProtocol 
123. Win32_NTEventlogFile 
124. Win32_NTLogEvent 
125. Win32_NTLogEventComputer 
126. Win32_NTLogEventLog 
127. Win32_NTLogEventUser 
128. Win32_ODBCAttribute 
129. Win32_ODBCDataSourceAttribute 
130. Win32_ODBCDataSourceSpecification 
131. Win32_ODBCDriverAttribute 
132. Win32_ODBCDriverSoftwareElement 
133. Win32_ODBCDriverSpecification 
134. Win32_ODBCSourceAttribute 
135. Win32_ODBCTranslatorSpecification 
136. Win32_OnBoardDevice 
137. Win32_OperatingSystem 
138. Win32_OperatingSystemQFE 
139. Win32_OSRecoveryConfiguration 
140. Win32_PageFile 
141. Win32_PageFileElementSetting 
142. Win32_PageFileSetting 
143. Win32_PageFileUsage 
144. Win32_ParallelPort 
145. Win32_Patch 
146. Win32_PatchFile 
147. Win32_PatchPackage 
148. Win32_PCMCIAController 
149. Win32_Perf 
150. Win32_PerfRawData 
151. Win32_PerfRawData_ASP_ActiveServerPages 
152. Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_114322_ASPNETAppsv114322 
153. Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_114322_ASPNETv114322 
154. Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_ASPNET 
155. Win32_PerfRawData_ASPNET_ASPNETApplications 
156. Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAccountingClients 
157. Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAccountingServer 
158. Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAuthenticationClients 
159. Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAuthenticationServer 
160. Win32_PerfRawData_InetInfo_InternetInformationServicesGlobal 
161. Win32_PerfRawData_MSDTC_DistributedTransactionCoordinator 
162. Win32_PerfRawData_MSFTPSVC_FTPService 
163. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerAccessMethods 
164. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerBackupDevice 
165. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerBufferManager 
166. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerBufferPartition 
167. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerCacheManager 
168. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerDatabases 
169. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerGeneralStatistics 
170. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerLatches 
171. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerLocks 
172. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerMemoryManager 
173. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationAgents 
174. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationDist 
175. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationLogreader 
176. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationMerge 
177. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationSnapshot 
178. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerSQLStatistics 
179. Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerUserSettable 
180. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRExceptions 
181. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRInterop 
182. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRJit 
183. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRLoading 
184. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRLocksAndThreads 
185. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRMemory 
186. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRRemoting 
187. Win32_PerfRawData_NETFramework_NETCLRSecurity 
188. Win32_PerfRawData_Outlook_Outlook 
189. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfDisk_PhysicalDisk 
190. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_Browser 
191. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_Redirector 
192. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_Server 
193. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfNet_ServerWorkQueues 
194. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Cache 
195. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory 
196. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Objects 
197. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_PagingFile 
198. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Processor 
199. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_System 
200. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_FullImage_Costly 
201. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Image_Costly 
202. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_JobObject 
203. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_JobObjectDetails 
204. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process 
205. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_ProcessAddressSpace_Costly 
206. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Thread 
207. Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_ThreadDetails_Costly 
208. Win32_PerfRawData_RemoteAccess_RASPort 
209. Win32_PerfRawData_RemoteAccess_RASTotal 
210. Win32_PerfRawData_RSVP_ACSPerRSVPService 
211. Win32_PerfRawData_Spooler_PrintQueue 
212. Win32_PerfRawData_TapiSrv_Telephony 
213. Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_ICMP 
214. Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_IP 
215. Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_NBTConnection 
216. Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_NetworkInterface 
217. Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_TCP 
218. Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_UDP 
219. Win32_PerfRawData_W3SVC_WebService 
220. Win32_PhysicalMemory 
221. Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray 
222. Win32_PhysicalMemoryLocation 
223. Win32_PNPAllocatedResource 
224. Win32_PnPDevice 
225. Win32_PnPEntity 
226. Win32_PointingDevice 
227. Win32_PortableBattery 
228. Win32_PortConnector 
229. Win32_PortResource 
230. Win32_POTSModem 
231. Win32_POTSModemToSerialPort 
232. Win32_PowerManagementEvent 
233. Win32_Printer 
234. Win32_PrinterConfiguration 
235. Win32_PrinterController 
236. Win32_PrinterDriverDll 
237. Win32_PrinterSetting 
238. Win32_PrinterShare 
239. Win32_PrintJob 
240. Win32_PrivilegesStatus 
241. Win32_Process 
242. Win32_Processor 
243. Win32_ProcessStartup 
244. Win32_Product 
245. Win32_ProductCheck 
246. Win32_ProductResource 
247. Win32_ProductSoftwareFeatures 
248. Win32_ProgIDSpecification 
249. Win32_ProgramGroup 
250. Win32_ProgramGroupContents 
251. Win32_ProgramGroupOrItem 
252. Win32_Property 
253. Win32_ProtocolBinding 
254. Win32_PublishComponentAction 
255. Win32_QuickFixEngineering 
256. Win32_Refrigeration 
257. Win32_Registry 
258. Win32_RegistryAction 
259. Win32_RemoveFileAction 
260. Win32_RemoveIniAction 
261. Win32_ReserveCost 
262. Win32_ScheduledJob 
263. Win32_SCSIController 
264. Win32_SCSIControllerDevice 
265. Win32_SecurityDescriptor 
266. Win32_SecuritySetting 
267. Win32_SecuritySettingAccess 
268. Win32_SecuritySettingAuditing 
269. Win32_SecuritySettingGroup 
270. Win32_SecuritySettingOfLogicalFile 
271. Win32_SecuritySettingOfLogicalShare 
272. Win32_SecuritySettingOfObject 
273. Win32_SecuritySettingOwner 
274. Win32_SelfRegModuleAction 
275. Win32_SerialPort 
276. Win32_SerialPortConfiguration 
277. Win32_SerialPortSetting 
278. Win32_Service 
279. Win32_ServiceControl 
280. Win32_ServiceSpecification 
281. Win32_ServiceSpecificationService 
282. Win32_SettingCheck 
283. Win32_Share 
284. Win32_ShareToDirectory 
285. Win32_ShortcutAction 
286. Win32_ShortcutFile 
287. Win32_ShortcutSAP 
288. Win32_SID 
289. Win32_SMBIOSMemory 
290. Win32_SoftwareElement 
291. Win32_SoftwareElementAction 
292. Win32_SoftwareElementCheck 
293. Win32_SoftwareElementCondition 
294. Win32_SoftwareElementResource 
295. Win32_SoftwareFeature 
296. Win32_SoftwareFeatureAction 
297. Win32_SoftwareFeatureCheck 
298. Win32_SoftwareFeatureParent 
299. Win32_SoftwareFeatureSoftwareElements 
300. Win32_SoundDevice 
301. Win32_StartupCommand 
302. Win32_SubDirectory 
303. Win32_SystemAccount 
304. Win32_SystemBIOS 
305. Win32_SystemBootConfiguration 
306. Win32_SystemDesktop 
307. Win32_SystemDevices 
308. Win32_SystemDriver 
309. Win32_SystemDriverPNPEntity 
310. Win32_SystemEnclosure 
311. Win32_SystemLoadOrderGroups 
312. Win32_SystemLogicalMemoryConfiguration 
313. Win32_SystemMemoryResource 
314. Win32_SystemNetworkConnections 
315. Win32_SystemOperatingSystem 
316. Win32_SystemPartitions 
317. Win32_SystemProcesses 
318. Win32_SystemProgramGroups 
319. Win32_SystemResources 
320. Win32_SystemServices 
321. Win32_SystemSetting 
322. Win32_SystemSlot 
323. Win32_SystemSystemDriver 
324. Win32_SystemTimeZone 
325. Win32_SystemUsers 
326. Win32_TapeDrive 
327. Win32_TemperatureProbe 
328. Win32_Thread 
329. Win32_TimeZone 
330. Win32_Trustee 
331. Win32_TypeLibraryAction 
332. Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply 
333. Win32_USBController 
334. Win32_USBControllerDevice 
335. Win32_UserAccount 
336. Win32_UserDesktop 
337. Win32_VideoConfiguration 
338. Win32_VideoController 
339. Win32_VideoSettings 
340. Win32_VoltageProbe 
341. Win32_WMIElementSetting 
342. Win32_WMISetting 

首先，调用ManagementObjectSearcher实例（在本文中的例子里为searcher ）中的Get()方法，该方法将会把返回信息填在这个实例中。然后，你所要做的就是处理这个实例searcher中的数据。

[c-sharp] view plaincopy

1. foreach (ManagementObject share in searcher.Get()) 
2. { 
3. // Some Codes ...
4. } 

每个ManagementObject的对象中都有一些，我们所需要的数据，当然我们可以接着这么处理这些数据：

[c-sharp] view plaincopy

1. foreach (PropertyData PC in share.Properties) 
2. { 
3. //some codes ...
4. } 

源代码：

[c-sharp] view plaincopy

1. using System; 
2. using System.Management; // 添加System.Management引用
4. public class Computer 
5. { 
6. public string CpuID; //CPU序列号
7. public string MacAddress; //网卡地址
8. public string DiskID; //硬盘序列号
9. public string MotherBoardID; //主板序列号
10. public string IpAddress; //IP地址
11. public string LoginUserName; //系统登录名
12. public string ComputerName; //计算机名称
13. public string SystemType; //操作系统
14. public string TotalPhysicalMemory;//内存大小，单位：M
15. private static Computer _instance; 
16. public static Computer Instance() 
17.     { 
18. if (_instance == null) 
19.             _instance = new Computer(); 
20. return _instance; 
21.     } 
22. /// <summary>
23. /// 构造函数
24. /// </summary>
25. public Computer() 
26.     { 
27.         CpuID = GetCpuID(); 
28.         MacAddress = GetMacAddress(); 
29.         DiskID = GetDiskID(); 
30.         MotherBoardID = GetMotherBoardSerialNumber(); 
31.         IpAddress = GetIPAddress(); 
32.         LoginUserName = GetUserName(); 
33.         SystemType = GetSystemType(); 
34.         TotalPhysicalMemory = GetTotalPhysicalMemory(); 
35.         ComputerName = GetComputerName(); 
36.     } 
37. /// <summary>
38. /// 获取cpu序列号
39. /// </summary>
40. /// <returns></returns>
41. private string GetCpuID() 
42.     { 
43. try
44.         { 
45. //获取CPU序列号代码
46. string cpuInfo = "";//cpu序列号
47.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor"); 
48.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
49. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
50.             { 
51.                 cpuInfo = mo.Properties["ProcessorId"].Value.ToString(); 
52.             } 
53.             moc = null; 
54.             mc = null; 
55. return cpuInfo; 
56.         } 
57. catch
58.         { 
59. return "unknow"; 
60.         } 
61.     } 
62. /// <summary>
63. /// 获取网卡硬件地址
64. /// </summary>
65. /// <returns></returns>
66. private string GetMacAddress() 
67.     { 
68. try
69.         { 
70. //获取网卡硬件地址
71. string mac = ""; 
72.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); 
73.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
74. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
75.             { 
76. if ((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true) 
77.                 { 
78.                     mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString(); 
79. break; 
80.                 } 
81.             } 
82.             moc = null; 
83.             mc = null; 
84. return mac; 
85.         } 
86. catch
87.         { 
88. return "unknow"; 
89.         } 
90.     } 
91. /// <summary>
92. /// 获取IP地址
93. /// </summary>
94. /// <returns></returns>
95. private string GetIPAddress() 
96.     { 
97. try
98.         { 
99. //获取IP地址
100. string st = ""; 
101.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); 
102.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
103. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
104.             { 
105. if ((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true) 
106.                 { 
107. //st=mo["IpAddress"].ToString();
108.                     System.Array ar; 
109.                     ar = (System.Array)(mo.Properties["IpAddress"].Value); 
110.                     st = ar.GetValue(0).ToString(); 
111. break; 
112.                 } 
113.             } 
114.             moc = null; 
115.             mc = null; 
116. return st; 
117.         } 
118. catch
119.         { 
120. return "unknow"; 
121.         } 
122.     } 
124. /// <summary>
125. /// 获取主板序号
126. /// </summary>
127. /// <returns></returns>
128. private string GetMotherBoardSerialNumber() 
129.     { 
130. try
131.         { 
132. //获取主板序号代码
133. string motherbordInfo = "";//主板序列号
134.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("WIN32_BaseBoard"); 
135.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
136. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
137.             { 
138.                 motherbordInfo = mo.Properties["SerialNumber"].Value.ToString(); 
139.             } 
140.             moc = null; 
141.             mc = null; 
142. return motherbordInfo; 
143.         } 
144. catch
145.         { 
146. return "unknow"; 
147.         } 
148.     } 
150. /// <summary>
151. /// 获取硬盘ID
152. /// </summary>
153. /// <returns></returns>
154. private string GetDiskID() 
155.     { 
156. try
157.         { 
158. //获取硬盘ID
159.             String HDid = ""; 
160.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive"); 
161.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
162. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
163.             { 
164.                 HDid = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value; 
165.             } 
166.             moc = null; 
167.             mc = null; 
168. return HDid; 
169.         } 
170. catch
171.         { 
172. return "unknow"; 
173.         } 
174.     } 
176. /// <summary>
177. /// 操作系统的登录用户名
178. /// </summary>
179. /// <returns></returns>
180. private string GetUserName() 
181.     { 
182. try
183.         { 
184. string st = ""; 
185.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem"); 
186.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
187. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
188.             { 
189.                 st = mo["UserName"].ToString(); 
190.             } 
191.             moc = null; 
192.             mc = null; 
193. return st; 
194.         } 
195. catch
196.         { 
197. return "unknow"; 
198.         } 
199.     } 
202. /// <summary>
203. /// PC类型
204. /// </summary>
205. /// <returns></returns>
206. private string GetSystemType() 
207.     { 
208. try
209.         { 
210. string st = ""; 
211.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem"); 
212.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
213. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
214.             { 
215.                 st = mo["SystemType"].ToString(); 
216.             } 
217.             moc = null; 
218.             mc = null; 
219. return st; 
220.         } 
221. catch
222.         { 
223. return "unknow"; 
224.         } 
225.     } 
227. /// <summary>
228. /// 物理内存
229. /// </summary>
230. /// <returns></returns>
231. private string GetTotalPhysicalMemory() 
232.     { 
233. try
234.         { 
235. string st = ""; 
236.             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_ComputerSystem"); 
237.             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
238. foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc) 
239.             { 
240.                 st = mo["TotalPhysicalMemory"].ToString(); 
241.             } 
242.             moc = null; 
243.             mc = null; 
244. return st; 
245.         } 
246. catch
247.         { 
248. return "unknow"; 
249.         } 
250.     } 
251. /// <summary>
252. /// 电脑名称
253. /// </summary>
254. /// <returns></returns>
255. private string GetComputerName() 
256.     { 
257. try
258.         { 
259. return System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ComputerName"); 
260.         } 
261. catch
262.         { 
263. return "unknow"; 
264.         } 
265.     } 
266. }