Host controllers ---> Usb root hub ---> usb functions(devices)
基本步骤：
1）打开HCD%X
2) 得到上面的USB root hub
3) 遍历usb root hub上连接的usb 设备。获取信息
4）如果有多个usb口，循环前3步。
下面介绍通讯用的几个IOCTL:
1)USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME ,用于获取USB设备驱动在注册表中的键名。相应的一个结构体是：
typedef struct _USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME
{
ULONG ActualLength;
WCHAR DriverKeyName[1];
} USB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME, *PUSB_HCD_DRIVERKEY_NAME;
2）IOCTL_USB_GET_ROOT_HUB_NAME，用于获取root hub 键名。使用的结构体，跟上面一样。
typedef struct _USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME
{
ULONG ActualLength;
WCHAR RootHubName[1];
} USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME, *PUSB_ROOT_HUB_NAME;
3）IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_INFORMATION，用于获取连接在root hub上的节点设备信息。也就是我们接在usb口上的所有usb设备的信息，对应的结构体：
typedef struct _USB_NODE_INFORMATION
{
USB_HUB_NODE NodeType;
union {
USB_HUB_INFORMATION HubInformation;
USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION MiParentInformation;
} u;
} USB_NODE_INFORMATION, *PUSB_NODE_INFORMATION;
typedef struct _USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION
{
ULONG NumberOfInterfaces;
} USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION, *PUSB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION;
typedef struct _USB_HUB_INFORMATION
{
USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR HubDescriptor;
BOOLEAN HubIsBusPowered;
} USB_HUB_INFORMATION, *PUSB_HUB_INFORMATION;
typedef struct _USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR
{
UCHAR bDescriptorLength; // Length of this descriptor
UCHAR bDescriptorType; // Hub configuration type
UCHAR bNumberOfPorts; // number of ports on this hub
USHORT wHubCharacteristics; // Hub Charateristics
UCHAR bPowerOnToPowerGood; // port power on till power good in 2ms
UCHAR bHubControlCurrent; // max current in mA
//
// room for 255 ports power control and removable bitmask
UCHAR bRemoveAndPowerMask[64];
} USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR;
4) IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, 用于获取接在usb口上的单个usb设备的信息，对应的结构体：
typedef struct _USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION
{
ULONG ConnectionIndex;
USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR DeviceDescriptor;
UCHAR CurrentConfigurationValue;
BOOLEAN LowSpeed;
BOOLEAN DeviceIsHub;
USHORT DeviceAddress;
ULONG NumberOfOpenPipes;
USB_CONNECTION_STATUS ConnectionStatus;
USB_PIPE_INFO PipeList[0];
} USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, *PUSB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION;
4）IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION， 用于获取usb设备的描述信息。
typedef struct _USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR
{
UCHAR bLength;
UCHAR bDescriptorType;
USHORT bcdUSB;
UCHAR bDeviceClass;
UCHAR bDeviceSubClass;
UCHAR bDeviceProtocol;
UCHAR bMaxPacketSize0;
USHORT idVendor;
USHORT idProduct;
USHORT bcdDevice;
UCHAR iManufacturer;
UCHAR iProduct;
UCHAR iSerialNumber;
UCHAR bNumConfigurations;
} USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR;
typedef enum _USB_CONNECTION_STATUS
{
NoDeviceConnected,
DeviceConnected,
/* failure codes, these map to fail reasons */
DeviceFailedEnumeration,
DeviceGeneralFailure,
DeviceCausedOvercurrent,
DeviceNotEnoughPower,
DeviceNotEnoughBandwidth,
DeviceHubNestedTooDeeply,
DeviceInLegacyHub
} USB_CONNECTION_STATUS, *PUSB_CONNECTION_STATUS;
typedef struct _USB_PIPE_INFO
{
USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR EndpointDescriptor;
ULONG ScheduleOffset;
} USB_PIPE_INFO, *PUSB_PIPE_INFO;
typedef struct _USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR
{
UCHAR bLength;
UCHAR bDescriptorType;
UCHAR bEndpointAddress;
UCHAR bmAttributes;
USHORT wMaxPacketSize;
UCHAR bInterval;
} USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR;
需要注意一点，如果要得到pid,vid,则直接从USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR结构中取出idVendor，idProduct这两项的值就行了。如果要得到序列号，则不是取出 iSerialNumber就可以的。这里的 iSerialNumber仅仅是一个索引值。如果想得到序列号，就需要定义一个结构，然后给设备发送个请求。
