求索阁

由于CListCtrl良好的数据展示形式和便捷的操作，所以我们在编程工作中会经常用到，网上找到一片不错的总结，估计对于一般的使用场景够用的。还有其他需求，我们可以再探索讨论。

以下未经说明，listctrl默认view 风格为report
1. CListCtrl 风格
LVS_ICON: 为每个item显示大图标
LVS_SMALLICON: 为每个item显示小图标
LVS_LIST: 显示一列带有小图标的item
LVS_REPORT: 显示item详细资料
直观的理解：windows资源管理器，“查看”标签下的“大图标，小图标，列表，详细资料”
2. 设置listctrl 风格及扩展风格
LONG lStyle;
lStyle = GetWindowLong(m_list.m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE);//获取当前窗口style
lStyle &= ~LVS_TYPEMASK; //清除显示方式位
lStyle |= LVS_REPORT; //设置style
SetWindowLong(m_list.m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE, lStyle);//设置style
DWORD dwStyle = m_list.GetExtendedStyle();
dwStyle |= LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT;//选中某行使整行高亮（只适用与report风格的listctrl）
dwStyle |= LVS_EX_GRIDLINES;//网格线（只适用与report风格的listctrl）
dwStyle |= LVS_EX_CHECKBOXES;//item前生成checkbox控件
m_list.SetExtendedStyle(dwStyle); //设置扩展风格
注：listview的style请查阅msdn
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wceshellui5/html/wce50lrflistviewstyles.asp
3. 插入数据
m_list.InsertColumn( 0, "ID", LVCFMT_LEFT, 40 );//插入列
m_list.InsertColumn( 1, "NAME", LVCFMT_LEFT, 50 );
int nRow = m_list.InsertItem(0, “11”);//插入行
m_list.SetItemText(nRow, 1, “jacky”);//设置数据
4. 一直选中item
选中style中的Show selection always，或者在上面第2点中设置LVS_SHOWSELALWAYS
5. 选中和取消选中一行
int nIndex = 0;
//选中
m_list.SetItemState(nIndex, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED);
//取消选中
m_list.SetItemState(nIndex, 0, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED);
6. 得到listctrl中所有行的checkbox的状态
m_list.SetExtendedStyle(LVS_EX_CHECKBOXES);
CString str;
for(int i=0; i {
if( m_list.GetItemState(i, LVIS_SELECTED) == LVIS_SELECTED || m_list.GetCheck(i))
{
str.Format(_T("第%d行的checkbox为选中状态"), i);
AfxMessageBox(str);
}
}
7. 得到listctrl中所有选中行的序号
方法一：
CString str;
for(int i=0; i {
if( m_list.GetItemState(i, LVIS_SELECTED) == LVIS_SELECTED )
{
str.Format(_T("选中了第%d行"), i);
AfxMessageBox(str);
}
}
方法二：
POSITION pos = m_list.GetFirstSelectedItemPosition();
if (pos == NULL)
TRACE0("No items were selected!/n");
else
{
while (pos)
{
int nItem = m_list.GetNextSelectedItem(pos);
TRACE1("Item %d was selected!/n", nItem);
// you could do your own processing on nItem here
}
}
8. 得到item的信息
TCHAR szBuf[1024];
LVITEM lvi;
lvi.iItem = nItemIndex;
lvi.iSubItem = 0;
lvi.mask = LVIF_TEXT;
lvi.pszText = szBuf;
lvi.cchTextMax = 1024;
m_list.GetItem(&lvi);

关于得到设置item的状态，还可以参考msdn文章
Q173242: Use Masks to Set/Get Item States in CListCtrl
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/173242/en-us
9. 得到listctrl的所有列的header字符串内容
LVCOLUMN lvcol;
char str[256];
int nColNum;
CString strColumnName[4];//假如有4列

nColNum = 0;
lvcol.mask = LVCF_TEXT;
lvcol.pszText = str;
lvcol.cchTextMax = 256;
while(m_list.GetColumn(nColNum, &lvcol))
{
strColumnName[nColNum] = lvcol.pszText;
nColNum++;
}

10. 使listctrl中一项可见，即滚动滚动条
m_list.EnsureVisible(i, FALSE);

11. 得到listctrl列数
int nHeadNum = m_list.GetHeaderCtrl()->GetItemCount();

12. 删除所有列
方法一：
while ( m_list.DeleteColumn (0))
因为你删除了第一列后，后面的列会依次向上移动。

方法二：
int nColumns = 4;
for (int i=nColumns-1; i>=0; i--)
m_list.DeleteColumn (i);

创建图形列表并和CListCtrl关联：
m_image_list.Create(IDB_CALLER2, 16, 10, RGB(192,192, 192));
m_image_list.SetBkColor( GetSysColor( COLOR_WINDOW ) );
m_caller_list.SetImageList( &m_image_list, LVSIL_SMALL);
为报表添加4列：
char *szColumn[]={"昵称","IP地址","登陆时间","状态"};
int widths[]={100,98,70,55};
LV_COLUMN lvc;
lvc.mask=LVCF_FMT|LVCF_WIDTH|LVCF_TEXT|LVCF_SUBITEM;
lvc.fmt=LVCFMT_LEFT;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++) {//插入各列
lvc.pszText=szColumn[i];
lvc.cx=widths[i];
lvc.iSubItem=i;
m_caller_list.InsertColumn(i,&lvc);
}
为报表添加两项，以附加方式添加：
char* data[4];
data[0]="所有人";
data[1]="0.0.0.0";
data[3]="在线";
data[2]=new char;
CTime now=CTime::GetCurrentTime();
CString temp = now.Format("%H:%M:%S");
data[2]=temp.GetBuffer(1);
LV_ITEM lvi;
lvi.mask=LVIF_TEXT|LVIF_IMAGE|LVIF_PARAM;
lvi.iSubItem=0;
lvi.pszText=(char *)data[0];
lvi.iImage = 0;
lvi.iItem=0;
m_caller_list.InsertItem(&lvi);
for (int j=0;j<4;j++) m_caller_list.SetItemText(count,j,data[j]);
count++;
lvi.iImage = 1;
lvi.iItem=count;
m_caller_list.InsertItem(&lvi);
data[0]="cherami";
data[1]="127.0.0.1";
for (int n=0;n<4;n++) m_caller_list.SetItemText(count,n,data[n]);
count++;

设置报表的样式
选中一整行：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT);
绘制表格：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_GRIDLINES);
带复选框：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_CHECKBOXES);
自动切换：
m_list_ctrl.SetExtendedStyle(m_list_ctrl.GetExtendedStyle()|LVS_EX_TRACKSELECT);

选定一行：
设置CListCtrl的Show selection always选项
SetItemState (iIndex, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED)
选中一个或多个项目时,会发送LVN_ITEMCHANGED消息，可以使用
GetSelectedCount()方法得到被选定的项的数目。

点击列头的消息响应：
ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICKW, 0, ResponseFunc)
消息，需要自己添加
或者：
ON_NOTIFY(LVN_COLUMNCLICK, ID_yourCtrl, ResponseFunc)//向导添加
前者后响应，后者先响应

响应函数：
ResponseFunc(NMHDR *pNMHDR, LRESULT *pResult)

双击CListCtrl中的ITEM的消息是及消息函数：
ON_NOTIFY(NM_DBLCLK, ID_yourCtrl, ResponseFunc)

单击ITEM的消息响应：
ON_NOTIFY(NM_CLICK, ID_yourCtrl, ResponseFunc)
ResponseFunc(NMHDR *pNMHDR, LRESULT *pResult)

HDN_ITEMCLICK 就是Header control Notify message for mouse left click on the Header control!
而HDN_ITEMCLICK是当List View中存在一个Header Contrl时，Header Ctrl通知父窗口List View的！

CListCtrl中的Item被选中触发LBN_SELCHANGE(通过WM_COMMAND)消息！

删除CListCtrl中选定的项：
POSITION pos;
int nIndex;

for(; pos= GetFirstSelectedItemPosition();)
{
nIndex = GetNextSelectedItem(pos);
DeleteItem(nIndex);
}

在ListCtrl中进行排序
列表控件（CListCtrl）的顶部有一排按钮，用户可以通过选择不同的列来对记录进行排序。但是 CListCtrl并没有自动排序的功能，我们需要自己添加一个用于排序的回调函数来比较两个数据的大小，此外还需要响应排序按钮被点击的消息。下面讲述一下具体的做法。

CListCtrl提供了用于排序的函数，函数原型为：BOOL CListCtrl::SortItems( PFNLVCOMPARE pfnCompare, DWORD dwData )。其中第一个参数为全局排序函数的地址，第二个参数为用户数据，你可以根据你的需要传递一个数据或是指针。该函数返回-1代表第一项排应在第二项前面，返回1代表第一项排应在第二项后面，返回0代表两项相等。

用于排序的函数原形为：int CALLBACK ListCompare(LPARAM lParam1, LPARAM lParam2, LPARAM lParamSort)，其中第三个参数为调用者传递的数据（即调用SortItems时的第二个参数dwData）。第一和第二个参数为用于比较的两项的ItemData，你可以通过DWORD CListCtrl::GetItemData( int nItem )/BOOL CListCtrl::SetItemData( int nItem, DWORD dwData )来对每一项的ItemData进行存取。在添加项时选用特定的CListCtrl::InsertItem也可以设置该值。由于你在排序时只能通过该值来确定项的位置所以你应该比较明确的确定该值的含义。

最后一点，我们需要知道什么时候需要排序，实现这点可以在父窗口中对LVN_COLUMNCLICK消息进行处理来实现。

下面我们看一个例子，这个例子是一个派生类，并支持顺序/倒序两种方式排序。为了简单我对全局数据进行排序，而在实际应用中会有多组需要排序的数据，所以需要通过传递参数的方式来告诉派序函数需要对什么数据进行排序。

//全局数据
struct DEMO_DATA
{
char szName[20];
int iAge;
}strAllData[5]={{"王某",30},{"张某",40},{"武某",32},{"陈某",20},{"李某",36}};

//CListCtrl派生类定义
class CSortList : public CListCtrl
{
// Construction
public:
CSortList();
BOOL m_fAsc;//是否顺序排序
int m_nSortedCol;//当前排序的列
protected:
//{{AFX_MSG(CSortList)
//}}AFX_MSG
...
};

//父窗口中包含该CListCtrl派生类对象
class CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg : public CDialog
{
// Construction
public:
CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // standard constructor

// Dialog Data
//{{AFX_DATA(CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg)
enum { IDD = IDD_SORT_IN_LIST_CTRL_DIALOG };
CSortList m_listTest;
//}}AFX_DATA
}

//在父窗口中定义LVN_COLUMNCLICK消息映射
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg, CDialog)
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg)
ON_NOTIFY(LVN_COLUMNCLICK, IDC_LIST1, OnColumnclickList1)
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

//初始化数据
BOOL CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
CDialog::OnInitDialog();

//初始化ListCtrl中数据列表
m_listTest.InsertColumn(0,"姓名");
m_listTest.InsertColumn(1,"年龄");
m_listTest.SetColumnWidth(0,80);
m_listTest.SetColumnWidth(1,80);
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
m_listTest.InsertItem(i,strAllData[i].szName);
char szAge[10];
sprintf(szAge,"%d",strAllData[i].iAge);
m_listTest.SetItemText(i,1,szAge);
//设置每项的ItemData为数组中数据的索引
//在排序函数中通过该ItemData来确定数据
m_listTest.SetItemData(i,i);
}
return TRUE; // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control
}

//处理消息
void CSort_in_list_ctrlDlg::OnColumnclickList1(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{
NM_LISTVIEW* pNMListView = (NM_LISTVIEW*)pNMHDR;
//设置排序方式
if( pNMListView->iSubItem == m_listTest.m_nSortedCol )
m_listTest.m_fAsc = !m_listTest.m_fAsc;
else
{
m_listTest.m_fAsc = TRUE;
m_listTest.m_nSortedCol = pNMListView->iSubItem;
}
//调用排序函数
m_listTest.SortItems( ListCompare, (DWORD)&m_listTest );
*pResult = 0;
}

//排序函数实现
int CALLBACK ListCompare(LPARAM lParam1, LPARAM lParam2, LPARAM lParamSort)
{
//通过传递的参数来得到CSortList对象指针，从而得到排序方式
CSortList* pV=(CSortList*)lParamSort;
//通过ItemData来确定数据
DEMO_DATA* pInfo1=strAllData+lParam1;
DEMO_DATA* pInfo2=strAllData+lParam2;
CString szComp1,szComp2;
int iCompRes;
switch(pV->m_nSortedCol)
{
case(0):
//以第一列为根据排序
szComp1=pInfo1->szName;
szComp2=pInfo2->szName;
iCompRes=szComp1.Compare(szComp2);
break;
case(1):
//以第二列为根据排序
if(pInfo1->iAge == pInfo2->iAge)
iCompRes = 0;
else
iCompRes=(pInfo1->iAge < pInfo2->iAge)?-1:1;
break;
default:
ASSERT(0);
break;
}
//根据当前的排序方式进行调整
if(pV->m_fAsc)
return iCompRes;
else
return iCompRes*-1;
}

排序最快：
CListCtrl::SortItems
Example

// Sort the item in reverse alphabetical order.
static int CALLBACK
MyCompareProc(LPARAM lParam1, LPARAM lParam2, LPARAM lParamSort)
{
// lParamSort contains a pointer to the list view control.
// The lParam of an item is just its index.
CListCtrl* pListCtrl = (CListCtrl*) lParamSort;
CString strItem1 = pListCtrl->GetItemText(lParam1, 0);
CString strItem2 = pListCtrl->GetItemText(lParam2, 0);

return strcmp(strItem2, strItem1);
}

void snip_CListCtrl_SortItems()
{
// The pointer to my list view control.
extern CListCtrl* pmyListCtrl;

// Sort the list view items using my callback procedure.
pmyListCtrl->SortItems(MyCompareProc, (LPARAM) pmyListCtrl);
}

If you don’t want to allow the users to sort the list by clicking on the header, you can use the style LVS_NOSORTHEADER. However, if you do want to allow sorting, you do not specify the LVS_NOSORTHEADER. The control, though, does not sort the items. You have to handle the HDN_ITEMCLICK notification from the header control and process it appropriately. In the code below, we have used the sorting function SortTextItems() developed in a previous section. You may choose to sort the items in a different manner.
Step 1: Add two member variables
Add two member variables to the CListCtrl. The first variable to track which column has been sorted on, if any. The second variable to track if the sort is ascending or descending.
int nSortedCol;
BOOL bSortAscending;

Step 2: Initialize them in the constructor.
Initialize nSortedCol to -1 to indicate that no column has been sorted on. If the list is initially sorted, then this variable should reflect that.
nSortedCol = -1;
bSortAscending = TRUE;
Step 3: Add entry in message map to handle HDN_ITEMCLICK
Actually you need to add two entries. For HDN_ITEMCLICKA and HDN_ITEMCLICKW. Do not use the class wizard to add the entry. For one, you need to add two entries whereas the class wizard will allow you only one. Secondly, the class wizard uses the wrong macro in the entry. It uses ON_NOTIFY_REFLECT() instead of ON_NOTIFY(). Since the HDN_ITEMCLICK is a notification from the header control to the list view control, it is a direct notification and not a reflected one.
ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICKA, 0, OnHeaderClicked)
ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICKW, 0, OnHeaderClicked)
Note that we specify the same function for both the notification. Actually the program will receive one or the other and not both. What notification it receives will depend on the OS. The list view control on Windows 95 will send the ANSI version and the control on NT will send the UNICODE version.
Also, note that the second argument is zero. This value filters for the id of the control and we know that header control id is zero.

Step 4: Write the OnHeaderClicked() function
Here’s where you decide what to do when the user clicks on a column header. The expected behaviour is to sort the list based on the values of the items in that column. In this function we have used the SortTextItems() function developed in a previous section. If any of the columns displays numeric or date values, then you would have to provide custom sorting for them.
void CMyListCtrl::OnHeaderClicked(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{
HD_NOTIFY *phdn = (HD_NOTIFY *) pNMHDR;

if( phdn->iButton == 0 )
{
// User clicked on header using left mouse button
if( phdn->iItem == nSortedCol )
bSortAscending = !bSortAscending;
else
bSortAscending = TRUE;

nSortedCol = phdn->iItem;
SortTextItems( nSortedCol, bSortAscending );

}
*pResult = 0;
}

让CListCtrl的SubItem也具有编辑功能:
要重载一个文本框，然后在LVN_BEGINLABELEDIT时改变文本框位置。
CInEdit m_InEdit;

if( ( GetStyle() & LVS_TYPEMASK ) == LVS_REPORT && ( m_nEditSubItem != 0 ) )
{
HWND hwndEdit;
CRect rtBound;
CString strText;

hwndEdit = (HWND)SendMessage( LVM_GETEDITCONTROL );
GetSubItemRect( pDispInfo->item.iItem, m_nEditSubItem, LVIR_LABEL, rtBound );
m_InEdit.SubclassWindow( hwndEdit );
m_InEdit.m_left = rtBound.left;
strText = GetItemText( pDispInfo->item.iItem, m_nEditSubItem );
m_InEdit.SetWindowText( strText );
}

void CInEdit::OnWindowPosChanging(WINDOWPOS FAR* lpwndpos)
{
CRect rtClient;

lpwndpos->x = m_left; // m_left在LVN_BEGINLABELEDIT中设置

CEdit::OnWindowPosChanging(lpwndpos);